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以大穗型粳稻品种豫粳6号为材料,在孕穗和结实期采用不同的灌溉处理和穗肥施用方式,研究水氮互作对籽粒灌浆速率、籽粒充实度及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明:水分和穗肥一定的条件下,随着穗肥施入时期的推迟及后期施肥量的增大,稻穗的千粒重和籽粒充实度出现逐渐变大的趋势。倒2叶期施肥在一定程度上增强了籽粒灌浆后期的灌浆速率,缩短了强势粒的灌浆时间。干湿交替的灌溉方式可以改善弱势粒灌浆的滞后性,显著提高弱势粒的灌浆速率。干湿交替和倒2叶期施肥的水氮组合显著提高了弱势粒二次枝梗的平均灌浆速率及最大灌浆速率,从而提高了水稻的千粒重、籽粒充实度及产量,为最佳的水氮运筹方式。
The large-panicle type japonica rice variety Yujing 6 was used as material to study the effects of water and nitrogen interactions on grain filling rate, seed filling degree and yield components at booting and setting stages. The results showed that under the condition of certain amount of water and panicle fertilizer, the 1000-grain weight and kernel fullness of rice panicle tended to become larger with the postponed stage and the later amount of fertilizer. In the second 2-leaf stage, fertilization enhanced grain filling rate in the late grain filling stage and shortened grain filling time of strong grains. Alternating wet and dry irrigation methods can improve the lag of weak grain filling and significantly increase the filling rate of weak grains. The combination of water and nitrogen alternated from dry to wet at the second and the second leaf stage significantly increased the average grain filling rate and the maximum grain filling rate of secondary branchlets of inferior seedlings and thus increased the 1000-grain weight, seed filling degree and grain yield of rice, which was the optimal water-nitrogen Way of operation