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传统经济学建立在自利性假设之上,认为参与人仅仅关心自身利益,即使出现有悖于自利性假设的行为,也只是暂时性的偏离。而最近二十多年的实验经济学研究对该假设提出了质疑,利用大量实验数据不仅证明了人类行为中公平偏好的存在性,而且还表明这种存在性绝非是暂时性的偏离,其对人类的行为决策具有很强的系统性影响。目前相关学术研究主要体现在公平偏好与其他社会偏好的区分、有关人类行为决策中公平偏好存在性的实验证明、基于结果的公平偏好与基于动机的公平偏好的差异以及公平偏好对传统激励契约产生的影响。本文指出了国外学术界对公平偏好实验中包括实验对象、货币金额和文化等方面的质疑,同时也揭示了未来进一步的研究方向,构成了有关公平偏好实验经济学的研究进展及前沿趋势。
Traditional economics is founded on the assumption of self-interest that participants only care about their own interests, even if there is a behavior contrary to the assumption of self-interest is only a temporary deviation. In the last two decades, experimental economics has challenged this hypothesis. The use of a large amount of experimental data not only proves the existence of fair preference in human behavior, but also shows that this existence is not a temporary deviation. Human behavior decisions have a strong systemic impact. At present, relevant academic researches focus on the distinction between fair preference and other social preferences, the experimental proof of the existence of fair preference in human behavior decision-making, the difference between fair preference based on result and fair choice based on motivation, and fair preference on traditional incentive contract Impact. This paper points out that foreign scholars questioned the fairness preference experiment, including the object of study, monetary amount and culture. At the same time, it also reveals the future research direction and constitutes the research progress and the forefront trend of fair preference experiment economics.