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选择梨主栽品种‘丰水’、‘黄金’、‘新高’、‘鸭梨’、‘茌梨’和‘绿宝石’等为试材,对梨子花发育状况以及对果实品质的影响进行了调查研究。结果显示:梨不同品种子花发生率差异明显,‘丰水’、‘黄金’、‘新高’等砂梨系统品种子花发生率比‘鸭梨’、‘茌梨’和‘绿宝石’等白梨系统品种高;在结果枝类型上,短果枝的子花发生率比长果枝高;在结果母枝类型及生长势的强弱上,1年生弱枝的子花发生率比强枝高,2年生枝比3年生枝高;在同一花枝上中部子花发生率高;子花的开花期比母花晚1~2 d,小花数在3~6朵之间,开花顺序与母花相反,为中心花先开,中心果发育最快。子花所结果实比母花果实小,商品价值低。因此,梨生产上子花的及早摘除有利于果品质量的提高。
The pear cultivars ’Fengshui’, ’Gold’, ’Xingao’, ’Ya Li Pei’, ’Ying Pear’ and ’Emerald’ were selected as experimental materials to study the development of pear flower and its effect on the fruit quality Research. The results showed that there were significant differences in the incidence of pears between different varieties of pears, and the occurrence rates of seed flowers of pear varieties such as ’Fengshui’, ’Gold’ and ’Xingao’ were higher than those of ’Ya’liu’, ’Pear’ and ’Emerald’ White pears system variety is high; in the results of the branch type, the occurrence rate of the short fruit branch of the flowers than the long branches; in the results of the parent branch type and growth potential strength, 1-year-old weak branches of the flower than the strong branches , 2-year-old branches higher than the 3-year-old branches; in the same flowering branches in the middle of the high incidence of flowers; flowering than the mother flower flowering late 1 ~ 2 d, the number of flowers in 3 to 6 between the flowering and mother flowers On the contrary, as the center takes the lead, the center fruit develops the fastest. Sub-flower fruit than the fruit of small fruits, low value of the commodity. Therefore, the early removal of pears in pear production is conducive to the improvement of fruit quality.