目的探讨颅内曲霉菌感染早期诊断及治疗。方法分析解放军371中心医院收治的1例脑内曲霉菌感染的临床及影像学资料,结合文献探讨该病的临床特点及早期诊断及治疗方法。结果对颅内曲霉菌感染影像学及临床表现认识不足是不能早期诊断的原因。结论提高对脑内曲霉菌感染的临床、影像学的认识及真菌感染的临床警惕性有助于早期诊断,降低病死率。 Objective To investigate the early diagnosis and treatment of intracranial Aspergillus infection. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 1 case of Aspergillus infection in the 371 Central Hospital of PLA were analyzed. The clinical features, early diagnosis and treatment of the disease were discussed in combination with the literature. Results The lack of knowledge of intracranial Aspergillus infection imaging and clinical manifestations is not the reason for early diagnosis. Conclusion Improving the clinical and imaging knowledge of aspergillus infection in the brain and the clinical vigilance of fungal infection are helpful for early diagnosis and reducing the mortality.