联邦体制下的双重分权原则,使得享有较大自主权的美国各州都拥有各自独立的地方利益。地区之间的经济竞争,除了争夺联邦政府在本州设立相关设施和机构、用广告来吸引体育比赛和旅游外,主要是争夺资源和产业配置。各州通常采用税收优惠、财政补贴等办法吸引国内外厂商落户本州,或诱导已在其他州投资的厂商改换门庭,落户本地。各州有组织的引资竞争早在上一世纪就开始了。起先,多是铁路和公共事业公司鼓励商家把工厂设在铁路和公共事业公司能够服务到的范围内。今天,这种产业资源配置的竞争已经和各州的总体经济发展紧密连结在一起,并已从吸引本国企业投资发展到争夺国际投资。 Under the federal system, the principle of dual decentralization makes each state in the United States, which enjoys greater autonomy, have its own independent local interests. In addition to competing for the federal government to set up related facilities and institutions in this state and using advertising to attract sports competitions and tourism, the competition among regions mainly aims at resource and industrial allocation. States usually use tax incentives, financial subsidies and other measures to attract domestic and foreign manufacturers settled in the state, or induce manufacturers that have invested in other states to change the court, settled in the local. Organized foreign investment competition began in the last century. At first, railroads and utility companies encouraged businesses to locate factories within the limits of railroad and utility companies. Today, the competition in the allocation of resources in this industry has been closely linked with the overall economic development of all states and has started from attracting investment from domestic enterprises to competing for international investment.