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miRNA是一类非常重要的非编码小分子,作为RNA干扰(RNAi)中的一个重要元件能够在生物体中通过对mRNA表达的控制在转录后水平上对调节众多基因起到负调控作用。在研究多个物种microRNA的功能时,人们发现miRNA的表达具有时序性和组织特异性,提示其在特定功能基因的表达方面可能发挥着重要的调控作用。本文就miRNA的研究进展作一综述。
MiRNAs are a kind of very important non-coding small molecule. As an important element of RNA interference (RNAi), miRNAs can regulate many genes in post-transcriptional level by controlling the mRNA expression. When studying the function of multiple species of microRNA, miRNA expression was found to be time-and tissue-specific, suggesting that miRNA may play an important regulatory role in the expression of specific functional genes. This article reviews the progress of miRNA research.