(一)概论中毒性休克,又名脓毒性休克或败血性休克,是革兰氏阴性细菌内毒素引起的一种综合征,它是临床上常见的危重急症。在外科领域中,弥漫性腹膜炎、化脓性胆管炎、绞窄性肠梗阻、泌尿道感染是造成中毒性休克的常见病因。内科的肠道感染、肺炎和流脑等合并中毒性休克者也比较多见。妇产科的感染性流产的致病菌常为革兰氏阴性杆菌,可导致败血症,弥漫性血管内凝血和休克。 (A) Introduction Toxic shock, also known as septic shock or septic shock, is a syndrome caused by gram-negative bacterial endotoxin, which is clinically common critical illness. In the field of surgery, diffuse peritonitis, suppurative cholangitis, strangulating intestinal obstruction, urinary tract infection is a common cause of toxic shock. Intestinal infections in medicine, pneumonia and meningitis and other toxic shock are more common. Obstetric and gynecological infective abortion pathogens are often Gram-negative bacilli, can lead to sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and shock.