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我国现有载人飞船自主应急返回着陆区是按照空间实验室任务阶段之前应急返回需求设计的,在空间站任务阶段,航天器轨道高度和轨道倾角设计范围与前期有较大变化,因此,有必要分析现有自主应急返回着陆区能否满足后续任务需求。通过进行载人飞船应急返回问题分析,提出了弹道式返回等价分析模型。构建了星下点轨迹、应急着陆区边界、弹道式返回航程计算等数学模型,形成了适应能力分析判据。对现有自主应急返回着陆区适应能力进行了仿真,采用STK对仿真结果进行了验证,并给出了着陆区调整的具体建议。论文研究成果可为我国空间站阶段的应急返回着陆区设置提供参考。
Our country’s existing manned spacecraft autonomous emergency return to the landing zone is designed according to the emergency return needs before the mission phase of the space laboratory. During the mission of the space station, the spacecraft orbital altitude and orbital inclination angle have great changes from the previous ones. Therefore, it is necessary Analysis of the existing autonomous emergency landing area can meet the follow-up mission needs. Through the analysis of the emergency return of manned spacecraft, a ballistic return equivalence analysis model is proposed. The mathematical model of the trajectory under the star, the boundary of the emergency landing zone and the trajectory of the ballistic return flight are constructed, and the criterion of adaptability analysis is formed. The adaptability of the existing autonomous emergency landing zone was simulated. The STK was used to verify the simulation results and the landing advice was given. The results of the dissertation can provide a reference for setting up the emergency landing zone in the station of China’s space station.