对１１５例母婴同室纯母乳喂养的早期新生儿（母婴同室组）患病情况进行临床观察并与１５２例母婴分室的早期新生儿（母婴分室组）对比。结果提示母婴分室组患感染性疾病共９例，母婴同室仅１例；母婴分室组患非感染性疾病１２例，母婴同室组６例，说明两组有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。 A total of 115 cases of early neonatal infants with same-room mother-to-child breastfeeding (maternal and neonatal room) were observed and compared with those of 152 newborn infants (maternal and child compartment group). The results suggest that there are 9 cases of maternal and child compartment infectious diseases, only 1 maternal and infant room; maternal and child compartment group of non-infectious diseases in 12 cases, 6 cases of maternal and neonatal room, indicating significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.01).