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水痘是儿童常见的一种传染病。在典型发病年龄组(2～8岁)通常呈良性经过,但在成人,常伴有肺、血液和神经系统的症状。这些并发症中,肺炎最常见,病死率(10～30%)最高。本文报道用无环鸟苷静脉注射治疗6例成人水痘肺炎患者。6例患者临床表现类似。呼吸道症状在出疹72小时内出现,均有发烧和气急,但肺部听诊体征不明显。胸片示两肺间质性或结节状浸润。1例白细胞减少(3.7×10~9/L),5例血小板减少,另1例血小板计数在正常范围,治疗后上升。但这些病人均无瘀点、鼻出血等血小板减少症状。
Chickenpox is a common infectious disease in children. It usually passes benignly in the typical age group (2-8 years), but is often accompanied by symptoms of lungs, blood, and nervous system in adults. Among these complications, pneumonia is the most common and has the highest case fatality rate (10-30%). This article reports the treatment of 6 cases of adult chickenpox pneumonia with intravenous acyclovir. Six patients had similar clinical manifestations. Respiratory symptoms occur within 72 hours of rash, both have fever and shortness of breath, but the lung auscultation signs are not obvious. Chest radiograph showed interstitial lung or nodular infiltration. 1 cases of leukopenia (3.7 × 10 ~ 9 / L), 5 cases of thrombocytopenia, the other platelet count in the normal range, after treatment increased. However, none of these patients had any petechial or epistaxis thrombocytopenia symptoms.