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设置调压室的水电站,目前都是采用著名的托马(Thoma)公式计算其词压室稳定断面积。但托马公式只适用于单引水道简单系统的常规调压室。对于既并联又串联的多引水道复杂系统气垫式调压室,其稳定断面积的计算,托马公式就不再适用。计划在四川境内兴建的某大型水电站就是这种复杂系统的典型实例。结合该电站的科研,笔者推导出适用于任何复杂情况下调压室稳定断面积计算的通用公式。验证了托马公式是本文介绍的通用公式的一个特例。
Hydropower stations with surge chambers are currently using the well-known Thoma formula to calculate the stable cross-sectional area of the cell. But the Tomah formula is only applicable to the conventional surge chamber of a single-channel simple system. For the parallel and series multi-channel complex system air cushion surge chamber, the stability of the cross-sectional area of the calculation, Thomas formula is no longer applicable. A large hydropower station planned to be built in Sichuan is a typical example of such a complex system. Combined with the research of the power station, the author deduces a general formula for calculating the stable cross-sectional area of the surge chamber in any complicated situation. Validation of the Toma formula is a special case of the general formula described in this article.