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技术知识在经济发展中的重要性越来越大,而熟练劳动力或科技资源丰富的发达国家集中了大部分的跨国公司研发机构,发展中国家可以也可能通过OFDI实现技术获取和技术进步。为了探讨影响技术获取型OFDI活动的区位因素,选取研发机构集中的13个东道国的反映科技发展状况的变量、影响科技发展的宏观经济变量以及制度性变量,构造混合面板数据,分别采用OLS和分量回归方法对影响我国技术获取型OFDI的区位因素进行检验。结果发现,东道国已有科研成果对我国技术获取型OFDI影响显著,而东道国研发投入和科研潜力具有一定影响;宏观经济变量中,东道国服务业发展水平总体上具有显著负向影响,而双方总经济规模、东道国通讯设施状况无显著影响;制度因素中,东道国政府治理水平总体上具有显著正向影响,而双边文化距离影响不显著。
The increasing importance of technical knowledge in economic development, while the developed countries with skilled labor or science and technology resources have concentrated most of the research and development institutions of multinational corporations. Developing countries can and may achieve technological acquisition and technological progress through OFDI. In order to explore the location factors that affect the technology-acquired OFDI activities, we select the variables that reflect the development of science and technology, the macroeconomic variables that affect the development of science and technology, and the institutional variables in 13 host countries where R & D institutions are concentrated. The OLS and components The regression method tests the location factors that affect OFDI in China. The results show that the existing scientific research achievements in the host country have a significant impact on China’s technology-acquired OFDI, while the host country’s R & D investment and research potential have an impact; in the macroeconomic variables, the development of the service industry in the host country generally has a significant negative impact, while the total economic Scale and the state of communication facilities in the host country. Among the institutional factors, the governance level of the host country has a significant positive impact on the whole, while the bilateral cultural distance has no significant effect.