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目的分析住院患者血液系统疾病构成变化。方法收集1980—2007年大连医科大学附属第一医院血液科确诊血液系统疾病住院患者病案资料,4年为1个年段共分为7组,整理录入电子表格并对其进行统计分析。结果确诊血液系统疾病共6286例,住院患者逐年增多。6286例患者中白血病最多。白血病、免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)和骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)有明显增加趋势(P<0.01)。6286例患者中,男2991例,女3295例,女性良性血液系统疾病较男性多。良性疾病城乡之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而恶性疾病城乡之间未发现明显差异。结论 28年来住院病例数逐渐增多;住院患者排在前五位的疾病分别为白血病,ITP,缺铁性贫血,再生障碍性贫血,粒细胞缺乏症;男性恶性疾病比例高于女性。
Objective To analyze the changes of blood diseases in hospitalized patients. Methods The medical records of inpatients with blood diseases diagnosed as hematology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from 1980 to 2007 were collected and divided into seven groups in one year. The data were collected and entered into a statistical analysis. Results A total of 6286 cases of blood diseases were diagnosed, and hospitalized patients increased year by year. 6286 cases of patients with the most leukemia. Leukemia, immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) increased significantly (P <0.01). 6286 patients, 2991 males and 3295 females, women with benign blood disease more than men. The difference between urban and rural areas was statistically significant (P <0.05), but no significant difference between urban and rural areas was found. Conclusions The number of inpatients increased gradually in the past 28 years. The top five inpatients were leukemia, ITP, iron deficiency anemia, aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis. The proportion of male malignant diseases was higher than that of females.