[目的]观察IA、MA和DA方案治疗成人急性髓系白血病(AML)的疗效和不良反应。[方法]105例AML患者随机分为3组,其中IA组35例,MA组34例,DA组36例。以完全缓解率和总有效率作为临床疗效观察指标。[结果]IA、MA和DA组完全缓解率分别为82.9%、76.5%和52.8%,总有效率分别为94.3%、85.3%和61.1%。IA组与DA组、MA组与DA组完全缓解率和总有效率比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。3组不良反应主要表现为骨髓抑制和恶心呕吐。MA组心脏毒性发生率低于IA和DA组(P<0.05);各组其它不良反应发生率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。[结论]IA和MA方案疗效优于DA方案,不良反应可耐受。 [Objective] To observe the efficacy and adverse reactions of IA, MA and DA regimen in the treatment of adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [Method] 105 AML patients were randomly divided into 3 groups, including 35 cases in group IA, 34 cases in group MA and 36 cases in group DA. To complete remission rate and total effective rate as clinical efficacy indicators. [Results] The complete remission rates of IA, MA and DA groups were 82.9%, 76.5% and 52.8%, respectively. The total effective rates were 94.3%, 85.3% and 61.1%, respectively. The complete remission rate and total effective rate of IA group and DA group, MA group and DA group were significantly different (P <0.05). Three groups of adverse reactions mainly manifested as bone marrow suppression and nausea and vomiting. The incidence of cardiotoxicity in MA group was lower than that in IA and DA groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in other adverse reactions in each group (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] The efficacy of IA and MA regimens is better than that of DA regimen, and adverse reactions are tolerable.