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合理的耕作是创建土壤良好耕层结构的手段,精确定量描述土壤结构体可为采取有效措施改善土壤结构体提供科学的指导。本文使用数字图像分析技术,分析和比较了不同茬口水稻土在犁耕和旋耕条件下生成的土壤结构体的棱角性、形状指数以及矩形度。结果表明旋耕生成的土壤结构体的棱角性、形状指数高于犁耕,相同耕作机具下稻茬口土壤结构体的棱角性和形状指数高于麦茬口。显著性差异分析表明,棱角性、形状指数能较好地区分不同耕作方式的土壤结构体。数字图像法可以从土壤结构体的矩形度、形状指数和棱角性这些具有“视觉”效果的形态学指标中更为准确定量和直观地表征土壤结构体。
Reasonable tillage is a means of creating a good tillage structure in soil. Accurate and quantitative description of soil structure can provide scientific guidance for effective measures to improve soil structure. In this paper, the digital image analysis technology was used to analyze and compare the angularity, shape index and the squareness of soil structure of paddy field under different conditions of plowing and tilling. The results showed that the angularity and shape index of soil structure formed by rotary farming were higher than that of plowing. The angle and shape index of soil structure under the same tiller were higher than those of wheat stubble. Significant differences in analysis showed that the edge shape, shape index can better distinguish between different farming methods of soil structure. The digital image method can quantitatively and directly characterize the soil structure from the morphological indexes such as the squareness, shape index and angularity of the soil structure with the “visual” effect.