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呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和副流感病毒(PIVs)是发达国家患急性下呼吸道感染(LRI)的幼儿和儿童最常分离出来的病毒。有关它们在发展中国家LRI的重要性资料较少,但它们也可能是重要的。本文讨论了病毒性细支气管炎和肺炎的发病机理以及病毒复制和免疫反应与疾病及痊愈的关系,回顾了动物模型和有利于增高病毒感染性的情况,并指出了这些情况对发展中国家RSV和PIV感染的重要性以及需进一步研究的问题。
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) are the viruses most commonly isolated by young children and children with acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRI) in developed countries. There is less information on the importance of LRIs in developing countries, but they may also be important. This article discusses the pathogenesis of viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia as well as the relationship between viral replication and immune responses to disease and recovery, reviews animal models and conditions that increase viral infectivity, and points out the impact of these conditions on developing country RSV And the importance of PIV infection and the need for further study.