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目的:了解农村已婚育龄妇女不孕症发生的影响因素,为进行有针对性的防治提供依据。方法:采取整群抽样的方法,对2011年7月~10月黑龙江省6个乡镇筛选出的364例已婚育龄妇女进行问卷调查。结果:与非不孕组相比,不孕组的年龄和初潮年龄较大,体重指数(BMI)较小,有吸烟史,月经多不规律,周期较长,月经量偏少,痛经较严重,并多患有妇科疾病,不孕组中做过人工流产者较少,性生活较频繁,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不孕症患者的就诊率为49.21%,患病年限以3~10年最多,占不孕症患者的38.46%。结论:年龄、月经规律性、月经周期、月经量和痛经为不孕症发生的危险因素;BMI、人工流产和性生活频率为不孕症发生的保护因素。
Objective: To understand the influencing factors of infertility in married women of childbearing age in rural areas and provide the basis for targeted prevention and treatment. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to survey 364 married women of childbearing age who were selected from 6 townships in Heilongjiang Province from July to October in 2011. Results: Compared with non-infertility group, age and menarche age of infertility group was larger, body mass index (BMI) was smaller, smoking history, irregular menstruation, longer period, less menstrual flow, more severe dysmenorrhea , And more suffering from gynecological diseases, infertility group did less abortion, sexual life more frequently, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Inpatients with infertility rate was 49.21%, the sick period of 3 to 10 years, accounting for 38.46% of infertility patients. Conclusion: Age, menstrual regularity, menstrual cycle, menstrual flow and dysmenorrhea are the risk factors of infertility; BMI, induced abortion and sexual life frequency are the protective factors of infertility.