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目的探讨武警战士的社会支持、心理弹性和反刍思维在人格特质与创伤后应激反应间的中介作用,找出控制和干预武警战士创伤后应激反应的方法。方法采用判断抽样方法,选取895名武警战士,采用简版《艾森克人格问卷》、《埃森创伤问卷》之《创伤事件量表》、《领悟社会支持量表》、《反刍反应量表》、《心理弹性量表》和《创伤事件影响量表》进行调查。结果 22.46%(201/895)的武警战士经历过创伤性事件,创伤后反应水平为(34.6±13.3)分,其中轻度、中度和重度水平者分别占33.33%、45.77%和20.90%。创伤组武警战士人格特质的精神质、神经质特质分别与社会支持度和心理弹性呈负相关(P<0.01),与反刍思维倾向和创伤后应激反应水平均呈正相关(P<0.01);外倾性特质分别与社会支持度和心理弹性呈正相关(P<0.01),与反刍思维倾向和创伤后应激反应水平均呈负相关(P<0.05)。人格特质对创伤后应激反应水平具有直接效应(P<0.01);加入中介变量后,直接效应无统计学意义(P>0.05)。武警战士人格特质可通过社会支持度、反刍思维倾向和心理弹性对其创伤后应激反应水平产生多重链式中介效应;包含社会支持度和反刍思维倾向2个中介变量的路径中介效应之和占总体的86.61%。结论社会支持度、心理弹性和反刍思维倾向在人格特质与创伤后应激反应水平间起完全中介效应;社会支持度和反刍思维倾向是中介路径上2个关键因子,是对武警战士心理救援和干预的主要切入点。
Objective To explore the intermediary role of social support, psychological resilience and ruminant thinking of the armed police soldiers between personality traits and post-traumatic stress response and to find out ways to control and intervene the post-traumatic stress response of armed police soldiers. Methods A total of 895 Armed Police Corps soldiers were selected by judgment sampling method. The simple version of the “Eysenck Personality Questionnaire”, “Essen Trauma Questionnaire”, “Trauma Event Scale”, “Perceived Social Support Scale”, “Ruminization Response Scale ”,“ Mental Resilience Scale ”and“ Trauma Impact Scale ”. Results 22.46% (201/895) armed police soldiers had experienced traumatic events. The post-traumatic reaction level was (34.6 ± 13.3) points, of which 33.33%, 45.77% and 20.90% were mild, moderate and severe respectively. The psychoticism and neuroticism trait of personality traits of armed police soldiers were negatively correlated with social support and psychological resilience (P <0.01), and were positively correlated with the tendency of thinking and post-traumatic stress reaction (P <0.01) The trait traits were positively correlated with social support and psychological resilience (P <0.01), and negatively correlated with the tendency of thinking rumination and post-traumatic stress response (P <0.05). Personality traits had a direct effect on the level of post-traumatic stress response (P <0.01). The direct effect was not statistically significant (P> 0.05) after adding intervening variables. The personality traits of armed police soldiers can produce multi-chain intermediary effects on the level of their post-traumatic stress response through social support, ruminal thinking and psychological resilience. The sum of the intermediary effects of two intermediary variables including social support and ruminal thinking tendencies Overall 86.61%. Conclusion Social support, psychological resilience and rumination tendencies play a complete mediating role between personality traits and post-traumatic stress response. Social support and rumination tendencies are two key factors in the intermediary path, The main entry point for intervention.