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用初速 15 0 0 m/ s,重 1.0 3g钢珠致伤 6只狗颌面部 ,伤后 6 ,12 ,2 4h取距伤道壁不同距离的肌肉组织做需氧及厌氧菌培养。实验发现 :颌面部高速投射物伤区 ,距伤道壁 0 .5 cm以内的软组织 ,伤后 6 h开始出现细菌感染 ,随致伤时间延长 ,感染细菌的数量明显增多 ,距伤道壁 0 .5 cm以外的组织 ,在伤后 2 4h,细菌的污染数量远远低于感染细菌的临界数量 ;感染或污染细菌的种类以需氧及兼性厌氧菌为主。研究提示 :颌面部高速投射物伤区组织存在明显的细菌感染 ,但其严重感染的区域在距伤道壁 0 .5 cm以内 ,从控制感染的角度清创时切除距伤道壁 0 .5 cm以内的软组织即可 ,扩大清创范围并不能起到控制感染的效果 ;而清创后应用有效抗生素是防治伤口感染 ,保证早期救治成功的重要措施。
Six dogs and maxillofacial lesions were injured with the initial speed of 15 0 m / s and the weight of 1.03 g steel balls. The muscle tissues at different distances from the wound wall at 6, 12 and 24 h after injury were used for aerobic and anaerobic culture. The experimental results showed that the maxillofacial area was rapidly projected from the injured area within 0.5 cm of the soft tissue of the wound wall, and bacterial infection began to occur 6 h after injury. With the prolonged injury duration, the number of infected bacteria was significantly increased, At 0 .5 cm, the number of bacterial contamination was much lower than the critical number of infected bacteria at 24 hours after injury. The types of infected or contaminated bacteria were aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. The study suggests that there is a significant bacterial infection in the high-speed projection of the maxillofacial region, but the severely infected area is within 0.5 cm of the wall of the wound, and is removed from the injured wall when the infection is controlled. 5 cm or less of soft tissue can expand the scope of debridement and can not play the effect of infection control; and debridement after the application of effective antibiotics is wound prevention and treatment to ensure early treatment success is an important measure.