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目的:分析小儿脑瘫危险因素与合并症以及与脑瘫分型构成比。方法:回顾性调查2001年1月至2007年12月期间的602例脑瘫患儿临床资料,了解脑瘫高危因素与合并症的关系以及与脑瘫分型构成比与合并症的发生率,用卡方检验统计分析。结果表明:602例脑瘫患儿中有522例存在高危因素占86.71%(522/602),主要危险因素依次为窒息、早产低出生体重、其他因素、黄疸、宫内感染、多胎/双胎、颅内出血和脐带异常;有551例患儿伴有合并症占91.53%(551/602)、合并智力低下434例(72.09%)、语言障碍262例(43.52%)、癫痫134例(22.26%)、听力障碍133例(22.09%)、视神经萎缩155例(25.75%)、摄食困难352例(58.47%)、流涎457例(75.91%)。不同脑瘫分型之间有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中以痉挛型、手足徐动型与混合型脑瘫并发症发生率最高(P<0.01);结论:脑瘫危险因素与合并症存在高度相关性,脑瘫是一种脑损伤引起的多重复合征,严重影响脑瘫患儿的心身发育,在治疗过程中注重整体康复,以利提高生命质量。
Objective: To analyze the risk factors and complications of cerebral palsy in children and the ratio of cerebral palsy. Methods: The clinical data of 602 children with cerebral palsy from January 2001 to December 2007 were retrospectively investigated to find out the relationship between the risk factors of cerebral palsy and comorbidities and the incidence of cerebral palsy and its complication. Test Statistical Analysis. The results showed that 522 of 602 children with cerebral palsy had high risk factors (86.71%, 522/602). The main risk factors were asphyxia, preterm low birth weight, other factors, jaundice, intrauterine infection, multiple births / twin births, There were 551 cases with complications (91.53%, 551/602), 434 cases (72.09%) with mental retardation, 262 cases (43.52%) with language disturbance, 134 cases (22.26%) with epilepsy, , 133 (22.09%) with hearing loss, 155 (25.75%) with optic atrophy, 352 (58.47%) with difficulty in feeding and 457 (75.91%) with salivation. There was a significant difference between different types of cerebral palsy (P <0.05), of which the incidence of spasticity, athetosis and mixed type cerebral palsy was the highest (P <0.01). Conclusion: The risk factors of cerebral palsy and comorbidity are highly Correlation, cerebral palsy is a multiple complex syndrome caused by brain injury, seriously affecting the psychosomatic development of children with cerebral palsy, focusing on the overall rehabilitation in the course of treatment, in order to enhance the quality of life.