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为探寻结构钢宏观韧、脆断机理及抗断设计,对10个结构钢开孔板进行了单向拉伸断裂试验。试验显示,初始开裂点位于应力集中较为明显的孔边。试验中还较为精确地测量了初始微观开裂时的加载位移及全程载荷—位移曲线,为研究结构钢断裂机理和抗断设计准则提供了较为可靠的试验依据。通过对数值模拟初始开裂点的应力场分析,对比验证了某开裂准则的适用性,并回归修正了结构钢在应力三轴空间延性开裂强度的近似公式。
In order to explore the macro-ductile and brittle fracture mechanism and the anti-fracture design of structural steel, ten structural steel perforated plates were subjected to uniaxial tensile fracture test. Experiments show that the initial crack point is located in the stress concentration more obvious edge of the hole. The load displacement and the full load-displacement curve of the initial microscopic cracking were measured more accurately in the test, which provided a reliable experimental basis for the study of the fracture mechanism and the design criterion of the fracture resistance of the structural steel. Through the numerical simulation of the stress field analysis of the initial crack point, the applicability of a crack criterion is verified by comparison, and the approximate formula of the ductile crack strength in the triaxial space of stress is corrected by regression.