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明代儒学较之宋代,虽在学术视域和思想广度上都大为收缩,但在理气心性、成德内圣等主要议题上的探讨却更为深入精微,正如黄宗羲在《明儒学案·发凡》中所说:“有明文章事功,皆不及前代,独于理学,前代之所不及也。牛毛茧丝,无不辨晰,真能发先儒之所未发。”而明代理学的思想建构,主要在朱熹所开辟的“四书”诠释脉络中展开,其中《大学》诠释在明中期后更是成为理学尤其是阳明心学思想建构的重点。王阳明提倡恢复《大学》古本,通过对《大学》宗旨的讨论和“三纲八目”
Compared with the Song Dynasty, Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty greatly shrank its academic vision and breadth of thought. However, the discussions on the main topics of qi and morality and Chengde Nei Sheng were even more in-depth and subtle. Just as Huang Zongxi pointed out in “ Where the ”said:“ There is a clear article of merit, none of the previous generation, independent of Neo-Confucianism, the previous generation is also less than .Any cow silk, all clear, really can not send first Confucianism. ”“ And the Ming Dynasty The ideological construction of Neo-Confucianism is mainly carried out in the context of ”Four Books“ opened up by Zhu Xi. The interpretation of ”University“ becomes the focus of the construction of Neo-Confucianism in Neo-Confucianism especially in the middle and later middle period. Wang Yangming advocated the restoration of the ancient ”university“, through the discussion of the purpose of ”university“ and ”three programs and eight programs"