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目的掌握宁乡县肾综合征出血热(以下简称出血热)疫情动态和流行规律以及主要宿主动物种类和病毒感染情况,为分析出血热流行趋势和制定相应的防治措施提供科学依据。方法按照《湖南省肾综合征出血热监测实施方案》开展出血热流行病学和病原学监测。采用直接免疫荧光法监测宿主动物肺组织汉坦病毒抗原。结果近5年宁乡县出血热年平均发病率为2.19/10万,发病地区主要集中在县域东、南、北部,发病季节以冬春两季为主,农民中青年男性多发。鼠标本汉坦病毒阳性检出率黑线姬鼠为3.28%、褐家鼠为2.87%为优势带毒鼠种。结论宁乡县2006-2010年5年内肾综合征出血热疫情除2007年出现了一个小高峰外,其他年份疫情基本趋于平稳下降,5年来宁乡县出血热疫情采取以灭鼠为主的综合性控制措施取得较好效果。
Objective To understand the epidemiology and prevalence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFD) in Ningxiang County and the main host animal species and virus infection in order to provide a scientific basis for analyzing the epidemic trend of haemorrhagic fever and developing corresponding prevention and treatment measures. Methods The epidemiology and etiological surveillance of hemorrhagic fever were carried out in accordance with the “Implementation Plan of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Hunan Province”. Direct immunofluorescence was used to monitor Hantavirus antigen in the lungs of host animals. Results The annual average incidence of hemorrhagic fever in Ningxiang County was 2.19 per 100 000 in the recent 5 years. The incidence areas mainly concentrated in the east, south and north of the county. The incidence season was dominated by winter and spring, and the peasants were young and middle-aged. The positive rate of Hantavirus in mouse was 3.28% for Apodemus agrarius, and 2.87% for Rattus norvegicus as dominant tetramine species. Conclusion The epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome within 5 years from 2006 to 2010 in Ningxiang County showed a small peak in 2007 except for the epidemics in other years. In the past five years, the epidemic situation in Ningxiang County was dominated by rodent control Comprehensive control measures achieved good results.