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1860—1865年的美国南北战争以站在正义一方的北方的胜利而告结束,对南方社会的改造工作经过复杂的斗争后最终以国会的改造方案得以实行而展开。然而,国会的南方重建方案由于党派偏见和战争激情的不当引导,忽略了对南方社会精神文化价值层面的重建或改造,造成了南方重建工作中的文化重建工作的缺位,致使这一社会上层建筑结构的重要因素对南方重建工作产生了极其有害的反作用;政治重建首当其冲归于失败,解放了的黑人奴隶的政治权利遭到剥夺,南方经济社会发展迟缓,整个南方还要再经过一个世纪才真正赶上了北方的发展步伐。
The American Civil War from 1860 to 1865 ended with the triumph of the North standing on the just side. After complicated struggles in the reconstruction of the South, it was eventually carried out with the parliamentary reform program. However, due to the prejudice of party prejudice and war passion, the southward reconstruction plan of Congress ignored the reconstruction or reformation of the spiritual and cultural values of the southern society and caused the absence of cultural reconstruction in the reconstruction of the south. As a result, the top of this society Important factors in the structure of the buildings had an extremely detrimental effect on the reconstruction of the South; the political reconstruction was the first to fail, the liberated black slaves were deprived of their political rights and the economic and social development in the South was sluggish. Catch up with the pace of development in the north.