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目的了解天津市西青区某街镇60岁以上老人健康状况及疾病谱,为老年人防病治病提供依据。方法采取健康检查和病史咨询相结合的方法,对西青区某街镇1 340名60岁以上老年人进行调查,用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果 1 304名老人体检异常率为98.7%,其中指标异常在4项以上的为61.58%;在高血压、心电图异常、B超盆腔异常、B超肾异常4项指标方面男性检出率高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);在高胆固醇、高甘油三酯、B超肝异常3项指标方面女性检出率高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。高血压、心电图异常、B超盆腔异常、B超肾异常、低血红蛋白5项指标检出率均随年龄的增大而增加(P<0.05)。结论西青区60岁以上老人慢性病患病率较高,高血压、高胆固醇、高甘油三酯居前3位,应加强防治。
Objective To understand the health condition and disease spectrum of elderly people over the age of 60 in a street of Xiqing District, Tianjin, and provide the evidence for the prevention and treatment of the disease in the elderly. Methods A total of 1 340 elderly people over the age of 60 in a certain town in Xiqing District were surveyed by means of combining health examination and medical history consulting. The data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software. Results The abnormal rate of physical examination in 1 304 elders was 98.7%, of which 61.58% were abnormal in more than 4 items. The detection rate of male in 4 indexes of hypertension, electrocardiogram abnormalities, B-ultrasonography and B-ultrasound abnormalities was higher than that of male Female, the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.05); in the high cholesterol, high triglyceride, B-liver abnormalities in three indicators of female detection rate was higher than the male, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Hypertension, electrocardiogram abnormalities, B-ultrasonographic abnormalities, B-ultrasound abnormalities, and the detection rate of 5 indicators of low hemoglobin increased with age (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly over 60 years old in Xiqing District is high. Among them, hypertension, high cholesterol and high triglyceride rank the top 3, and prevention and treatment should be strengthened.