民初国会对中俄协约的审议,是中国人运用议会民主制度决定重大外交问题的初次尝试。研究这段历史,对于加深议会民主制的理解很有帮助。以往外交史著作大都误以为中国参议院否决协约是在俄国废弃协约之前,而实际上参议院是在得知俄国单方面毁约的情况下才事后否决的,或者说是俄方而非中方导致谈判破裂。 The deliberation of the Sino-Russian agreement by the parliament in the early Republic of China was the first attempt by the Chinese people to use parliamentary democracy to decide on major diplomatic issues. Studying this period of history can be very helpful in understanding the parliamentary democratization. Most previous books on history of diplomacy mistakenly believe that the Chinese Senate rejected the agreement before the agreement was abandoned by Russia. In fact, the Senate later vetoed the matter only when it learned that Russia had unilaterally broken the agreement, or that the Russian side rather than the Chinese side caused the talks to burst.