空间冶金是一门新的尖端学科。在失重和高真空下生产金属材料是科学家长期以来的幻想。宇宙空间正是有上述条件的理想场所。首先,由于在空间可获得地球引力为零的失重环境,金属材料冶金过程中因重力作用而产生的对流现象可以消除,从而能更好地控制其凝固、扩散、使晶粒细化。这不仅可得到均匀度极高的产品,而且无脆性断裂,延性、强度亦佳。其次在失重环境里,金属材料可采用无容器熔炼法,使悬浮在空中的熔炼材料保持相对静止,这既可避免其 Space metallurgy is a new cutting-edge discipline. The production of metallic materials under weightlessness and high vacuum has long been a fantasy for scientists. Space is the ideal place for these conditions. First of all, due to the gravitation environment in which the gravitation of the earth is zero, the convection phenomenon due to gravity in the metallurgical process of metal materials can be eliminated, so that the solidification and diffusion can be better controlled and grain refinement can be achieved. This not only achieves a very uniform product but also has no brittle fracture, ductility and strength. Second, in the weightlessness environment, the metal material can be used without vessel melting method, so suspended in the air to keep relatively stable smelting material, which can avoid its