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目的:探讨食管癌高发区河南林州市食管癌患者p15、p16、mdm2和p53的表达变化特征及其与各级病变的关系。方法:取食管癌高发区河南林州市居民156例的食管内镜黏膜活检组织(包括正常食管上皮(NOR)21例,基底细胞过度增生(BCH)45例,不典型增生(DYS)23例,原位癌组织(CIS)45例和鳞状细胞癌(SCC)22例),采用免疫组化ABC法分析p15、p16、mdm2和p53蛋白的表达情况。结果:NOR和各级癌前病变组织及SCC组织中均出现不同程度的p15、p16、mdm2和p53表达。随着病变发展(从NOR→BCH→DYS→CIS→SCC),p15和p16的表达逐渐降低,mdm2和p53的表达逐渐增高(P<0.05)。结论:p15、p16的低表达和p53、mdm2的高表达可能是导致病变持续向癌方向发生发展的机制之一。
Objective: To investigate the changes of p15, p16, mdm2 and p53 expression in esophageal cancer patients with esophageal cancer in Linzhou, Henan Province, and their relationship with pathological changes. Methods: A total of 156 cases of esophageal mucosa biopsy (including 21 cases of normal esophageal epithelium (NOR), 45 cases of basal cell hyperplasia (BCH) and 23 cases of dysplasia (DYS)) were enrolled in this study. , 45 cases of CIS and 22 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)). The expressions of p15, p16, mdm2 and p53 were analyzed by immunohistochemical ABC method. Results: The levels of p15, p16, mdm2 and p53 in NOR and precancerous lesions at various stages and SCC tissues were all different. The expression of p15 and p16 gradually decreased and the expression of mdm2 and p53 gradually increased (P <0.05) as the lesions progressed (from NOR → BCH → DYS → CIS → SCC). Conclusion: The low expression of p15 and p16 and the high expression of p53 and mdm2 may be one of the mechanisms leading to the progression of the disease to cancer.