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利用纳秒脉冲激光诱导冲击波对2024铝合金试片进行单面冲击成形实验,分析了冲击成形试片的弯曲变形、残余应力和表面形貌。研究发现,激光功率密度和覆盖率影响试片冲击表层的塑形应变大小及其分布,进而影响试片的弯曲变形;随着覆盖率增大,冲击表面趋于平整;相同激光冲击参数下厚度大于4mm的铝合金试板的曲率半径与试板厚度平方成正比,试片正/反面均为压应力分布,试片弯曲对正面强化表面的残余压应力具有松弛作用。
The single-side impact forming test of 2024 aluminum alloy was carried out by nanosecond-pulsed laser-induced shock wave. The bending deformation, residual stress and surface morphology of impact test specimen were analyzed. The results show that the laser power density and coverage affect the shape and distribution of the plastic deformation of the impact surface of the test piece and thus the bending deformation of the test piece. The impact surface tends to be flat with the increase of the coverage. The radius of curvature of the aluminum alloy test plate larger than 4mm is proportional to the square of the thickness of the test plate, and the test piece positive / negative surfaces are both compressive stress distribution. The bending of the test piece has a slackening effect on the residual compressive stress of the front reinforced surface.