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目的探讨某化肥企业设备大检修期间工人职业紧张与精神卫生的影响因素,为企业进行健康促进干预提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,以某化肥企业197名在职职工为研究对象,根据企业正常生产和大检修2个时期分为正常生产组和大检修组,并根据工人岗位分为管理人员亚组和生产工人亚组。采用《工作紧张调查表》和《一般健康问卷》对2个时期工人职业紧张和精神卫生情况进行调查。结果大检修组中应付能力和工作满意感异常检出率均高于正常生产组(5.1%vs 0.5%,7.6%vs 3.0%,P<0.05)。除职业紧张程度外,大检修组应付能力、工作满意感和精神卫生情况得分均高于正常生产组(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05);大检修管理人员亚组应付能力和工作满意感得分均高于正常生产管理人员亚组(P<0.01,P<0.05);大检修生产工人亚组工作满意感得分高于正常生产生产工人亚组(P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,大检修期间工人精神卫生的主要影响因素是应付能力、职业紧张程度和工作岗位。结论大检修期间工人精神卫生情况和职业紧张程度均较高,企业应采取有效措施提高工人的应付能力和工作满意感,降低工人职业紧张程度,从而改善工人精神卫生状况。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of workers' occupational stress and mental health during major overhaul of a chemical fertilizer enterprise, and provide basis for enterprises to promote their health promotion. Methods The method of cluster sampling was used to divide 197 active workers in a fertilizer enterprise into two groups: normal production group and large maintenance group according to the normal production and overhaul of the enterprise, and divided into management subgroup And production workers sub-group. Surveys on occupational stress and mental health of workers in two periods were conducted using the “Job Stress Questionnaire” and the “General Health Questionnaire.” Results The detection rate of coping ability and job satisfaction in the overhaul group were higher than those in the normal production group (5.1% vs 0.5%, 7.6% vs 3.0%, P <0.05). Except occupational stress, the coping ability, job satisfaction and mental health scores of the overhaul group were higher than those of the normal production group (P <0.05, P <0.01, P <0.05) Satisfaction scores were higher than those of normal production managers (P <0.01, P <0.05). Job satisfaction scores of large maintenance workers were higher than those of normal production workers (P <0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of workers' mental health during overhaul were coping ability, occupational stress and work position. Conclusion During the overhaul period, workers 'mental health status and occupational stress are high. Enterprises should take effective measures to improve workers' coping ability and job satisfaction, reduce their occupational stress, and improve their mental health status.