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碳水化合物对昆虫的能量代谢和物质合成具有重要的作用。本研究选用2种一般性生物碱(氢溴酸东莨菪碱和烟碱)以及2种β-葡萄糖苷类化合物(七叶灵和皂角苷),研究其在不同浓度下对棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(H(u|¨)bner)幼虫体内海藻糖酶活性及相关碳水化合物代谢的影响。结果表明:用饲喂法处理3龄幼虫96 h后,皂角苷对棉铃虫幼虫的活体抑制效果明显,且随添加物浓度增高,棉铃虫死亡率上升,10,20,40 g/L浓度下棉铃虫的均重分别是0.194,0.089和0.034 g,分别为对照的86.99%,39.91%和15.24%。对海藻糖酶活性及其相关代谢酶的测定结果表明,2种苷类化合物显著抑制中肠海藻糖酶活性,饲喂40 g/L皂角苷的试虫中肠海藻糖酶比活力仅是对照组的54.21%;饲喂30 g/L七叶灵的试虫中肠海藻糖酶比活力为对照组的83.73%。而2种生物碱类化合物显著抑制血淋巴和脂肪体中海藻糖酶活性,20 g/L氢溴酸东莨菪碱对棉铃虫血淋巴和脂肪体组织的海藻糖酶活性抑制率分别为7.24%和71.43%;而20 g/L烟碱对试虫血淋巴和脂肪体组织的海藻糖酶活性抑制率为26.29%和33.44%。用氢溴酸东莨菪碱、烟碱和七叶灵处理试虫后,血淋巴海藻糖含量都有所增高。4种化合物能够导致试虫糖原磷酸化酶活性变化,其中,皂角苷在中肠和脂肪体表现为显著抑制作用,而随外源化合物浓度变化,糖原含量和糖原磷酸化酶活性表现为此消彼长关系。饲喂4种植物源化合物的试虫血淋巴中葡萄糖浓度变化和其海藻糖变化一致。本研究证明β-葡萄糖苷类化合物是海藻糖酶抑制剂,在作为先导化合物进行农药创制开发方面具有重要意义。
Carbohydrates play an important role in insect energy metabolism and material synthesis. Two kinds of general alkaloids (scopolamine hydrobromide and nicotine) and two kinds of β-glucoside compounds (esculentoside and saponin) were selected in this study. The effects of Helicoverpa armigera (H (u | ¨) bner larvae trehalase activity and related carbohydrate metabolism. The results showed that the inhibition effect of saponin on the larvae of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera larvae) was obviously inhibited by feeding the 3rd instar larvae for 96 h, and the death rate of H. armigera increased with the increase of the additive concentration. The mortality of 10, 20 and 40 g / L The average weights of H. armigera were 0.194, 0.089 and 0.034 g, which were respectively 86.99%, 39.91% and 15.24% of the control. The results of trehalase activity and its related metabolic enzymes showed that the two glycosides significantly inhibited the activity of trehalase in midgut. The specific activity of trehalase in the intestine of the testis fed 40 g / L saponin was only 54.21% of the control group. The specific activity of trehalase in the midgut fed with 30 g / L Qilian Ling was 83.73% of the control group. While the two alkaloids significantly inhibited trehalase activity in hemolymph and fat body, the inhibitory rates of 20 g / L scopolamine on the activity of trehalase of hemolymph and fat body of H. armigera were 7.24% and 71.43 %. The inhibition rates of trehalase in hemolymph and fat body of 20 g / L nicotine to test insects were 26.29% and 33.44%, respectively. Treated with scopolamine hydrobromide, nicotine and aesculin, hemolymph trehalose content increased. The four compounds can cause changes in the activity of glycoside phosphorylase in test insects, of which, saponin exhibited significant inhibitory effects in midgut and fat body. However, with the concentration of exogenous compounds, glycogen content and glycogen phosphorylase activity The performance of this shift in the relationship between. Changes in glucose concentrations in hemolymphs fed four plant-derived compounds were consistent with changes in their trehalose. This study demonstrated that β-glucoside compounds are trehalase inhibitors, and are of great significance in the development and application of pesticides as lead compounds.