许多专书认为“入声”是一种以其“短”而独立存在的声调。“入声”和别的调类的区别凭借音长,别的调类相互间的区别凭借音高。换言之,平上去入四声有两套划分标准。那么,怎样证明“入声”是一种独立存在的“短调”呢?一些专家称,是调长的对立。可是笔者发现,证明其“对立”的论述与音理不合,所谓“对立关系”不能确立。可行的解释应是,声调是以音高为声学特性的语音单位,入声音节上的声调和别的调类之间存在着互补关系,“平上去入”的“入”并不是一个独立调位,而是声调系统中某调位的条件变体。 Many books think that “voice” is a tone that exists independently with its “short”. “Into the sound ” and the difference between the other tune classes With the sound length, the difference between the other tune classes with the pitch. In other words, there are two sets of criteria for dividing into four. So, how to prove “into the sound ” is an independent existence “short tone ”? Some experts said that is the opposite of the transfer. However, I found that to prove its “opposition ” discourse and tone incompatible, the so-called “opposite relationship ” can not be established. It should be possible to explain that the tone is a phonetic unit whose pitch is acoustical and that there is a complementary relationship between the tone on the syllable and other tones and that It is not an independent adjustment, but a conditional variation of a certain adjustment in the tone system.