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本项目基于基因组学、功能基因组学、蛋白质组学和生物信息学等多学科交叉研究了棉花纤维品质发育的分子机制:利用辐射诱变、杂交、回交、系谱选择等技术培育、挖掘出优异纤维资源384份;利用徐州142棉纤维无长绒、无短绒突变体筛选出纤维伸长相关基因;用体外培养方法验证了乙烯、油菜素(BR)的生物合成途径及部分次生物质在纤维生长过程中的作用;构建了海岛棉品种Pi-ma90-53和陆地棉7235的BAC文库;利用蛋白质组学研究了棉纤维发育过程中的一些重要蛋白质的变化,构建了棉纤维细胞蛋白质表达谱;利用抑制扣除杂交方法、基因芯片技术或从纤维cDNA文库中筛选等共获得棉纤维发育相关基因199个,并用模式系统和棉花对基因的功能进行了分析和验证;建立了高效农杆菌介导、花粉管通道、基因枪轰击3种规模化的快速基因功能验证技术体系;开发了新标记,构建了陆海、陆陆高密度分子标记遗传连锁图谱,并选择有用分子标记和生化辅助育种相结合,初步建立了棉花纤维品质分子改良育种体系。
Based on the multidisciplinary interdisciplinary research of genomics, functional genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics, the project investigated the molecular mechanism of the development of cotton fiber quality by using techniques such as radiation mutagenesis, hybridization, backcrossing and pedigree selection, And 384 copies of fiber resources. The fiber elongation-related genes were screened from Xuzhou142 cotton fiber without plush and non-flock mutant. The biosynthetic pathway of ethylene and brassinin (BR) The role of fiber in the fiber growth process; BAC library of Pi-ma90-53 and Upland cotton 7235 were constructed; Changes of some important proteins in the development of cotton fiber were studied by proteomics, and the protein expression of cotton fiber was constructed 199 genes related to cotton fiber development were obtained by subtractive hybridization, gene chip technology or screening from fiber cDNA library, and the function of the gene was analyzed and verified by using the model system and cotton. A highly efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens Guide, pollen tube channel, gene gun bombardment three kinds of large-scale rapid gene function validation technology system; developed a new tag, The genetic linkage map of land-sea and land-sea high-density molecular markers was constructed, and a combination of molecular markers and biochemical-assisted breeding was selected to establish an improved cotton fiber quality molecular breeding system.