一个国家应当采取何种国家结构形式,一直是人们所关注且争论不休的问题。尽管联邦制并没有在中国实行,亦没有为中国的主流意识形态所主张。但在西方,甚至在本文将要讨论的俄罗斯,人们却普遍认为,依据联邦主义建立联邦制,对于地域广袤的大国来说是一个不言而喻的“大写真理”。在众多研究中央与地方关系的知名学者的言说中,我们听到了对联邦制不绝于耳的讴 What kind of state structure a country should take has always been a matter of concern and endless debate. Although federalism was not implemented in China, it was not advocated by China’s mainstream ideology. But in the West, even in Russia, which is going to be discussed in this article, it is generally accepted that the establishment of federalism based on federalism is a self-evident “capitalist truth ” for the vast and vast powers of the region. In the words of many famous scholars who have studied the relationship between the central government and the local government, we have heard the endless talk of the federalism