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人教版普通高级中学教科书(试验修订本·必修)第一册“机械振动”一章,通过对典型的弹簧振子这个理想模型的分析,得出简谐运动的受力特征和运动特征,但对简谐运动的周期未作探究,给出的仅仅是单摆周期公式,而且又只是在定性演示基础上的定量“介绍”,缺乏严谨的理论和实验论证。那么怎样就弹簧振子这个基本模型,指导学生对其周期公式进行探究,进而推演单摆及其它类型的简谐运动的周期,这一问题不仅反映了开发与创生课程的必要性,为“创造性的使用教材”提供一个生动的例证,而且,教师指导下的探究活动能让学生亲历探究的过程,领会探究的培养精神、实践能力、创新意识。学生对周期的探究可从以下方面予以指导。
In the chapter entitled “Mechanical Vibration” in the first edition of the textbook, General High School Textbook (Experimental Revision, Compulsory Course), the force characteristics and movement characteristics of simple harmonic motions are obtained through the analysis of the ideal spring oscillator model. The period of simple harmonic motion has not been explored, only the formula of single pendulum cycle is given, and it is only the quantitative “introduction” based on qualitative demonstration, lacking rigorous theoretical and experimental argumentation. So how do spring oscillators, the basic model, instruct students to explore their periodic formulas, and then derive the cycle of single pendulums and other types of simple harmonic motions. This problem not only reflects the necessity of development and creation courses, but also “creativity”. The “Using Teaching Materials” provides a vivid illustration. Moreover, the inquiry activities under the guidance of the teacher enable the students to experience the process of inquiry and to understand the spirit of the exploration, the practical ability, and the sense of innovation. Students’ exploration of the cycle can be guided from the following aspects.