中国企业“走出去”主要是指中国的产品、服务、资本、技术、劳动力、管理,以及中国的企业本身走向国际市场,到国外去投资建厂,开展竞争与合作。“走出去”战略可分为两个层次:商品输出和资本输出。传统对外直接投资理论立足点主要是发达国家的跨国企业。发展中国家对外直接投资的发展对传统理论提出了挑战。该理论认为,世界市场是多元化、多层次的,即使对那些技术不够先进、经营生产规模不够大的企业,参与国际竞争仍有很强的经济动力。 Chinese enterprises “going out” mainly refer to China’s products, services, capital, technology, labor force, management, as well as Chinese enterprises themselves going to the international market, going abroad to invest and build factories and compete and cooperate with each other. “Going out ” strategy can be divided into two levels: commodity output and capital output. The traditional theoretical standpoint of foreign direct investment is mainly multinational corporations in developed countries. The development of foreign direct investment in developing countries poses challenges to the traditional theory. The theory holds that the world market is diversified and multi-layered. Even for those enterprises that are not technologically advanced enough to operate in a sufficiently large scale, they still have strong economic power to participate in international competition.