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利用MSC.Marc非线性有限元软件建立了一个淬火-预拉伸模型,并利用该模型对7075铝合金厚板进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,对于7075铝合金的最佳拉伸量为2.0%～2.5%,预拉伸后板内残余应力降低幅度可达90%以上,且残余应力分布形式由淬火态的“M”型演变为预拉伸后的“W”型;随着拉伸量的增加铝板内塑性变形合格的区域逐渐增加,可利用预拉伸中的等效应力分布状态确定锯切区。若提供适当的残余应力测试结果,利用有限元仿真模型可有效地揭示铝合金厚板淬火-预拉伸内部残余应力的演变规律。
A quenching - pretensioning model was established by MSC.Marc nonlinear finite element software. The 7075 aluminum alloy plate was simulated by the model. The simulation results show that the optimum tensile elongation of the 7075 aluminum alloy is 2.0% ~ 2.5%, the residual stress in the pre-stretched plate can be reduced by more than 90%, and the residual stress distribution is controlled by the quenched state of “M ”Type evolves into the“ W ”type after pre-stretching. With the increase of the amount of stretching, the area of plastic deformation in the aluminum plate gradually increases. The sawing area can be determined by the equivalent stress distribution in pre-stretching. If the appropriate residual stress test results are provided, the finite element simulation model can effectively reveal the evolution law of internal residual stress in quenched-pre-stretched aluminum alloy plate.