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目的研究通过生物强化技术培育的高β-胡萝卜素甘薯对儿童维生素A营养的改善作用,探讨解决人群维生素A缺乏的新途径。方法抽取四川省某县2个乡111名3～10岁维生素A缺乏和边缘性缺乏的儿童作为研究对象,按年龄、性别、血清维生素A水平随机分为干预组(n=56)和对照组(n=55),干预组每人每日食用高β-胡萝卜素甘薯(110g,β-胡萝卜素含量为52.8μg/g),对照组食用等量当地普通甘薯(β-胡萝卜素含量为2.3μg/g),干预期56d;干预前后分别对受试者进行24h膳食调查、测量身高、体重、血清维生素A含量,干预期间记录儿童膳食和患病情况。结果最终样本量为98人(干预组49人,对照组49人);干预期间儿童膳食和疾病情况无明显差异;干预后,干预组儿童血清维生素A水平(117μg/L)增加量明显高于对照组(58μg/L)(P<0.01);维生素A缺乏改善率干预组(63.3%)明显高于对照组(42.9%),两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论生物强化高β-胡萝卜素甘薯能明显改善维生素A缺乏儿童的营养状况,这可能成为解决儿童维生素A缺乏问题的有效途径。
Objective To study the effect of high-β-carotene sweet potato cultivated by biofortification technology on children’s vitamin A nutrition and explore new ways to solve the problem of vitamin A deficiency in the population. Methods A total of 111 children aged 3 ~ 10 years old with vitamin A deficiency and borderline deficiency were enrolled in two townships in a county of Sichuan Province. The children were randomly divided into intervention group (n = 56) and control group according to age, sex and serum vitamin A levels (n = 55). In the intervention group, high β-carotene sweet potato (110g, β-carotene content of 52.8μg / g) was consumed daily in the intervention group while the control group consumed the same amount of ordinary sweet potato (β-carotene content was 2.3 μg / g). The intervention period was 56 days. Before and after the intervention, the subjects were investigated for 24h diet, height, body weight and serum vitamin A level respectively. The diet and prevalence of children were recorded during the intervention period. Results The final sample size was 98 (49 in the intervention group and 49 in the control group). There was no significant difference in the diet and disease among children during the intervention period. After the intervention, the serum vitamin A level (117 μg / L) in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the intervention group The control group (58μg / L) (P <0.01), the improvement rate of vitamin A deficiency group was significantly higher than that of the control group (63.3% vs 42.9%, P <0.05). Conclusion Biologically fortified β-carotene sweet potato can significantly improve the nutritional status of children with vitamin A deficiency, which may be an effective way to solve the problem of vitamin A deficiency in children.