1、前言众所周知,我国的煤炭储量丰富,品种齐全,分布广泛,是一种长期有保障的能源形式,而石油资源相对而言则是不够充足的。为了缓和目前的油品供应紧张局面和解决长远的能源供给问题,根据我国既定的能源政策,国务院决定把以煤代油工作延长到本世纪末,在1991～2000年期间再压油1000万吨。以前,我国的压油工作虽然取得了很大成绩,但是以电站锅炉和工业锅炉为主,而工业炉窑却一直被作为“合理烧油用户”并受到国家的供油保障。据89年的最新统计,全国烧油的工业炉窑共计5607座。每年耗油846万吨,其中冶金企业拥有燃油炉窑2078座, 1. Preface As we all know, our coal reserves are abundant, the variety is complete and widely distributed, which is a long-term guaranteed form of energy. However, the petroleum resources are not enough in relative terms. In order to ease the present tense situation of oil supply and solve the problem of long-term energy supply, according to the established energy policy of our country, the State Council decided to extend the work of replacing oil with coal until the end of this century and to re-pressure 10 million tons between 1991 and 2000. In the past, although the pressure oil work in our country has made great achievements, it has been dominated by power station boilers and industrial boilers. Industrial kilns have been used as “rational oil burning users” and are guaranteed by the state. According to the latest statistics of 1989, 5607 industrial kilns nationwide burn oil. Annual oil consumption of 8460000 tons, of which metallurgical enterprises have 2078 oil furnaces,