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Minimizing soil ammonia(NH_3) and nitrous oxide(N_2O) emission factors(EFs) has significant implications in regional air quality and greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions besides nitrogen(N) nutrient loss.The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of different N fertilizer treatments of conventional urea,polymer-coated urea,ammonia sulfate,urease inhibitor(NBPT,N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide)-treated urea,and nitrification inhibitor(DCD,dicyandiamide)-treated urea on emissions of NH_3 and GHGs from subtropical wheat cultivation.A field study was established in a Cancienne silt loam soil.During growth season,NH_3 emission following N fertilization was characterized using active chamber method whereas GHG emissions of N_2O,carbon dioxide(CO_2),and methane(CH_4) were by passive chamber method.The results showed that coated urea exhibited the largest reduction(49%) in the EF of NH_3-N followed by NBPT-treated urea(39%) and DCD-treated urea(24%) over conventional urea,whereas DCD-treated urea had the greatest suppression on N_2O-N(87%) followed by coated urea(76%) and NBPT-treated urea(69%).Split fertilization of ammonium sulfate-urea significantly lowered both NH_3-N and N_2O-N EF values but split urea treatment had no impact over one-time application of urea.Both NBPT and DCD-treated urea treatments lowered CO_2-C flux but had no effect on CH_4-C flux.Overall,application of coated urea or urea with NPBT or DCD could be used as a mitigation strategy for reducing NH_3 and N_2O emissions in subtropical wheat production in Southern USA.
Minimizing soil ammonia (NH_3) and nitrous oxide (N_2O) emission factors (EFs) has significant implications in regional air quality and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions besides nitrogen (N) nutrient loss. The AIM of this study was to investigate the impacts of different N fertilization treatments of conventional urea, polymer-coated urea, ammonia sulfate, urease inhibitor (NBPT, N- (n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide), and nitrification inhibitor (DCD, dicyandiamide) and GHGs from subtropical wheat cultivation. A field study was established in a Cancienne silt loam soil. Growth growth season, NH_3 emission following N fertilization was characterized using active chamber method. GHG emissions of N_2O, carbon dioxide (CO_2), and methane (CH_4 ) were by passive chamber method. The results showed that coated urea exhibited the largest reduction (49%) in the EF of NH 3 -N followed by NBPT-treated urea (39%) and DCD-treated urea (24%) over conventional urea , but DCD-tre ated urea had the greatest suppression on N 2 O-N (87%) followed by coated urea (76%) and NBPT-treated urea values but split urea treatment had no impact over one-time application of urea. Both NBPT and DCD-treated urea active CO 2-C flux but had no effect on CH 4-C flux. Overall, application of coated urea or urea with NPBT or DCD could be used as a mitigation strategy for reducing NH_3 and N_2O emissions in subtropical wheat production in Southern USA.