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学界对“了”和“啦”的关系有合音说、弱化说和强化变韵说等不同观点。考察清中叶至民国时期北京话材料,可以看到北京话中的虚词“了”经历了语音弱化过程的四个阶段:liao→lo→la→l。从第一阶段到第三阶段“了_2”比“了_1”发展快,从第三阶段到第四阶段则是“了_1”比“了_2”发展快。“了”读音变化的不同阶段,有“咯”“啰”“喇”“啦”等不同写法。北京话轻声造成的语音弱化,常发生韵母的a化现象。“了”音变的不同阶段的读音可以在同一时期并存,并出现不太严格的分工。“啦”同“咯”一样,只是“了”语音弱化的中间阶段的语音形式。跨方言的考察发现,“了”的语音变化呈现出有i介音韵母和无i介音韵母两种类型的四个阶段,两种类型之间具有平行性。早期北京话“了”的不同语音形式,在其他方言中都能找到同类、同阶段的形式。
The academia has different views on the relationship between “and ” “friends ”, saying “weakening” and “strengthening”. When examining the materials of the Peking dialect from the middle of the Qing dynasty to the period of the Republic of China, we can see that the function words in the dialect of Beijing have gone through four stages: liao → lo → la → l. From the first stage to the third stage, “_2” is faster than “_1”, and from the third stage to the fourth stage is “_1” than “_2” “Fast development. ”A “ Different stages of pronunciation changes, ”slightly “ ”La “ ”La “ ”La “ and other different wording. Beijing dialect soft voice caused by weakening, often occur a vowels phenomenon. The pronunciation of the different stages of phonetic change can coexist in the same period, with less strict division of labor. ”La “ is the same as ”slightly “, but ”the “ phonetic form of the middle stage of speech weakening. Cross-dialect study found that the phonetic variation of ”“ shows four stages of two types: i-mediated vowels and non-i-mediated vowels, with parallelism between the two types. Early Beijing dialect ”" in different phonetic forms, in other dialects can find similar, same stage form.