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【目的】明确近年来广西45个主要栽培水稻品种的抗性基因遗传多样性,揭示其遗传差异,为更好筛选水稻品种组合和通过品种间轮作及合理布局控制病害提供理论依据。【方法】根据已克隆的抗病基因设计5对RGA引物,对广西45个主栽水稻品种进行抗病基因同源序列分析并构建聚类图谱。【结果】在45个水稻品种的抗病基因中,共扩增出813条带,其中多态性条带124条,多态率达76.07%。聚类结果显示,不同品种间遗传相似系数变幅为0.61～0.93,取相似系数0.67时,可将45个水稻品种分为5大类,聚类结果在一定程度上反映品种来源的地域性和亲缘关系。【结论】广西不同主栽水稻品种间抗病基因数量差异较大,在广西稻瘟病发生严重的地区,采取不同抗性遗传背景的水稻品种轮作及混栽是控制该病害最为有效的措施之一。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to identify the genetic diversity of 45 major cultivated rice cultivars in Guangxi in recent years and to reveal their genetic differences in order to provide a theoretical basis for better screening of rice cultivars and controlling the disease through intercropping and rational distribution. 【Method】 Based on the cloned resistance genes, five pairs of RGA primers were designed and their phylogenetic analysis was performed on 45 major rice cultivars in Guangxi and the cluster map was constructed. 【Result】 Among the 45 rice cultivars, 813 bands were amplified, of which 124 bands were polymorphic. The polymorphism rate was 76.07%. The clustering results showed that the genetic similarity coefficients of different cultivars ranged from 0.61 to 0.93. When the similarity coefficient was 0.67, 45 rice cultivars could be divided into 5 groups. The clustering results, to a certain extent, reflected the geographical origin of cultivars and Kinship. 【Conclusion】 There are large differences in the number of resistance genes among different main rice cultivars in Guangxi. It is one of the most effective measures to control the disease by taking rotation and mixed planting of rice cultivars with different genetic backgrounds in the areas where rice blast is serious in Guangxi .