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To study the influence of slenderness on the axial compressive performance of autoclaved fly ash solid brick masonry columns,compression experiments were conducted on 12 samples of autoclaved fly ash solid brick masonry column and 4 samples of fired clay brick masonry column.The damage patterns and compressive performance were compared and analyzed.The experimental results indicate that the compressive bearing capacity decreases as slenderness increases from 3 to 18,and the compressive bearing capacity of the autoclaved fly ash solid brick masonry columns is lower than that of the fired clay brick masonry columns.The formulae for the axial compressive bearing capacity of autoclaved fly ash solid brick masonry columns were derived based on the experiments.The nonlinear FEA program ANSYS was adopted to simulate the behaviors of masonry columns.By comparing the simulation results and experimental results,it is shown that the simulation results agree well with the experimental ones.The rationality and applicability of the simulation results were verified.