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王念孙的《释大》是汉语词源学史上一部较重要又颇具争议的著作。本文通过考察《释大》的结构框架,分析《释大》的“大”、收词的声音关系以及词际关系,揭示王念孙的写作意图,从而确定《释大》的性质。研究认为,《释大》是以特征义为标准收词,把词按照一定的声韵框架进行编排,并对所收词进行初步整理,从而得出供词源研究用的较为系统的资料汇编。
Wang Nian-sun’s “release of large” is a more important and controversial book in the history of Chinese etymology. In this paper, I examine the structural framework of “Release the Great”, analyze the “Big” of “Release the Great”, the sound relationship of the collected words and the inter-word relationship, reveal the intent of Wang Nian-sun’s writing, and determine the nature of “Release the Big”. According to the research, “release big” is based on the characteristic meaning as the standard, the word is arranged according to a certain phonological framework, and the collected words are preliminarily arranged, so as to obtain a more systematic compilation of the sources for the study of the sources.