论文部分内容阅读
支气管哮喘是儿童期常见的慢性气道疾病,绝大多数的哮喘儿童具有特应性.药物治疗可以有效地控制哮喘的慢性气道炎症、提高哮喘的控制水平和改善肺功能,但难以影响潜在的免疫反应,不能改变疾病的自然进程.变应原免疫治疗(allergen immunotherapy,AIT)则可以改变过敏性疾病的自然病程,可以预防过敏性鼻炎患者发生哮喘,预防新的过敏产生以及诱导机体对特异性变应原的耐受.皮下注射变应原特异性免疫治疗(subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy,SCIT)和舌下含服变应原特异性免疫治疗(sublingual allergen immunotherapy,SLIT)是AIT常用的两种方法.尘螨是诱发哮喘的重要吸入性变应原,哮喘患儿的粉尘螨SLIT已广泛应用于临床,并以其有效性和安全性越来越得到人们的青睐.“,”Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic inflammatory disorders in children.Pharmacotherapy can effectively control the chronic airway inflammation,improve the lung function,but it is difficult to improve the underlying immune response and natural progression of allergic diseases.Allergen specific immunotherapy can modify the course of allergic disease,reducing the risk of new allergic sensitizations,deterring the development of clinical asthma in children treated for allergic rhinitis and induce specific immune tolerance.The principal types of AIT are subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT).Dust mite is a common type of allergen.Dust mite SLIT has been widely used in clinic due to its effectiveness and safety.