目的:通过对福建省南平市建阳区两起毒蘑菇中毒事件的现场流行病学调查，为毒蘑菇中毒处置提供依据。方法:收集事件病例资料、现场流行病学调查情况，收集剩余可疑毒蘑菇样品并到患者采集蘑菇地点的同一枯死树干和倒伏腐木上采集样品，进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定，并对事件进行分析处置。结果:2018年11月24日和26日，南平市建阳区两自然村的外来务工人员8人和2人分别采食野生蘑菇，于餐后10~90 min出现恶心、呕吐、腹痛等症状，送医就诊，诊断为毒蘑菇中毒，以胃肠炎为主要中毒表现。进一步分析发现毒蘑菇食用量越大，潜伏期越短，恶心、呕吐持续时间越长。入院后及时给予洗胃、导泻、抑酸护胃、补液等对症支持治疗，1~3 d出院。毒蘑菇样本经形态学和分子生物学鉴定，确认为日本类脐菇（n Omphalotus guepiniformis）。n 结论:两起事件均为误采误食日本类脐菇引起的食物中毒事件，主要引起胃肠炎型症状，未造成其他脏器损伤，预后好。应加强外来务工人员毒蘑菇相关知识的健康教育，预防中毒事件发生。“,”Objective:To describe a systematic approach on identification of poisonous mushroom by investigating two cases of n Omphalotus guepiniformis poisoning in Jianyang district, Nanping, Fujian province.n Methods:Two incidents of food poisoning on 10 migrant workers were investigated. The remaining suspected mushroom samples were collected and the same fresh mushroom specimens were also collected in the following field investigations from the same dead tree and fallen trunk. These mushroom specimens were identified based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses.Results:On November 24 and 26, 2018, 8 and 2 migrant workers from Jianyang District, Nanping ate wild mushrooms and developed acute nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other symptoms within 10 to 90 min after consumption. They were diagnosed as mushroom poisoning, with gastroenteritis as the main manifestation. Further analysis showed that the more poisonous mushroom were consumed, the shorter latency and longer duration of nausea and vomiting were resulted. After admission, gastric lavage, catharsis, acid preparation, gastric protection, fluid replenishment and other symptomatic support treatments were given in time, all patients were discharged in 1-3 d. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, the samples were identified as n O. guepiniformis.n Conclusions:The two incidents were caused by accidental consumption of n O. guepiniformis. Awareness education about poisonous mushroom should be provided to migrant workers to prevent more such poisoning incidents in the future.n