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从20世纪30年代初,德国开始研制坦克专用发动机,至今已有80年的历史。国外装甲车辆动力装置研究、设计与制造的特点是研究时间长,研制的品种齐全、型号多,生产和装备数量大,且性能优异。二战后,德国依托其在柴油机理论、技术和制造工艺的优势,为坦克研发了4代性能优异的柴油机,尤其第4代的MT890系列高功率密度、供坦克装甲车辆用的柴油机在总体结构、布局设计和各项性能指标上均达到了当前世界装甲车辆发动机领域的最佳,从而可通过匹配机械行星或电传动装置获得最小动力室容积的要求。为同我国坦克装甲车辆动力发展做一些比较,本刊特设“装甲车辆动力发展”专栏,分期发表我国坦克发动机专家张均享在对国外坦克发动机研究中获得的成果,供读者参考。
From the early 1930s, Germany began to develop a tank-specific engine, which has been 80 years old. The research, design and manufacture of power plant of armored vehicles in foreign countries are characterized by a long time of research, complete varieties, many models, large quantities of production and equipment, and excellent performance. After World War II, Germany relied on its advantages in diesel engine theory, technology and manufacturing process to develop 4 generations of excellent performance diesel engines for the tank. In particular, the 4th generation MT890 series of high-power density diesel engines for tanks and armored vehicles were adopted in the overall structure, Layout design and various performance indicators to achieve the best in the field of the current world armored vehicle engine, which can be matched by mechanical planet or electric drive to obtain the minimum power chamber volume requirements. In order to make some comparisons with the development of the power development of tank armored vehicles in our country, we published the column entitled “Development of Armored Vehicle Dynamics” and released the results of our research on foreign tank engines by experts of tank engines in China for readers’ reference.