环孢菌素A(Cyclosporine A,CsA)以独特的免疫抑制作用——选择性作用于T淋巴细胞,不抑制骨髓,极大降低了临床移植感染率。它作用于免疫细胞早期,不会导致细胞的死亡,使其免疫抑制呈可逆性,这和传统的免疫抑制剂有极大的区别。自从1983年FDA批准CsA用于肾移植以来,大大改善了临床移植效果。这方面的工作已在世界范围内日益兴起,并创造了“移植学”(Trans-plantolgy)专有名词。但其肾脏毒性限制了它的临床应用,特别在移植中的长期用药,问题就更为突出。目前对CsA肾毒性国内外讨论甚多,国际上也举行专题讨论会,本文就近年的研究进展作如下综述: 一、肾中毒的发生机制肾中毒的发生机制目前尚不清楚。根据 Cyclosporine A (CsA) has a unique immunosuppressive effect - selectively acts on T lymphocytes, does not inhibit the bone marrow, greatly reducing the rate of clinical transplant infection. It acts on early immune cells, does not lead to cell death, making its immunosuppression was reversible, which is very different from the traditional immunosuppressive agents. Since the FDA approved CsA for kidney transplantation in 1983, the clinical transplants have been greatly improved. Work in this area has gained worldwide prominence and has created the “Trans-plantolgy” nomenclature. However, its renal toxicity has limited its clinical application, especially in the long-term use of transplants, the problem is even more conspicuous. At present, there are many discussions about nephrotoxicity of CsA at home and abroad, and international symposium is also held. This paper summarizes the research progress in recent years: First, the mechanism of nephrotoxicosis Mechanism of nephrotoxicity is not clear. according to