研究了各种因素对聚合物 (HPAM) /柠檬酸铝 /盐体系胶态分散凝胶 (CDG)的形成 (通过成胶时间测定 )和性能 (通过孔隙阻力因子的测定 )。孔隙阻力因子FPR为相同聚合物浓度的CDG和HPAM溶液分别流过填砂滤层所需的时间之比 ,可代表CDG在多孔介质中的相对强度。研究结果表明 :CDG的性能随所用HPAM分子相对质量的提高而改善 ;NaCl的存在 (≤ 70 0 0mg/L)可促进CDG的形成 ;在下列条件下可形成稳定的CDG :pH值为 5— 8(最佳值为 6— 7) ;溶液经过流速≤ 30 0m/d的流动剪切后 ;用油田采出污水 (注入水 )配制或 (并 )有油砂、石英砂存在 ;配制水矿化度≤ 40 0 0 0mg/L Various factors were studied for the formation (via gelling time) and performance (through porosity resistance factor) of the polymer (HPAM) / aluminum citrate aluminate colloidal dispersion gel (CDG). Pore ​​resistance factor FPR is the ratio of the time required for the CDG and HPAM solutions to flow through the sand filter at the same polymer concentration, respectively, to represent the relative intensity of CDG in the porous media. The results showed that: the performance of CDG improved with the relative quality of HPAM molecules used; the presence of NaCl (≤ 70 0 mg / L) can promote the formation of CDG; under the following conditions can form a stable CDG: 5- 8 (best value is 6-7); the solution is flow-cut after the flow rate is less than 30 0m / d; the waste water (injected water) produced by the oil field is used to prepare or (and have) oil sand and quartz sand; Degree of ≤ 40 0 ​​0 0mg / L