一、引言——铁谱术航空发动机以及飞机的传动系统都包含有大量的相对运动零部件,包括轴承、齿轮、花键、离合器、封严装置等等。这些零部件在相对运动接触过程中都会产生不同程度的磨损。磨损微粒从这些零件的承载表面产出、而又由于润滑油的冲刷作用而脱离承载表面循环于润滑系统之中。部分颗粒较大的微粒被过滤元件所捕捉,而大量的微小的微粒则自由地活动于整个润滑循环系统。由于不同的材料性能、受力状态、相对运动条件、周围环境等因素的影响,不同的磨损过程中产生的磨损微粒具有不同的数量、大小、形状、颜色、表面特征等等。研究这些不同的特征、分析并确定被润滑零件的磨掼状态可以提供十分宝贵的信息。因 I. INTRODUCTION - Ferrography engine and aircraft transmission system contains a large number of relative moving parts, including bearings, gears, splines, clutches, sealing devices and so on. These parts have different degrees of wear during relative movement. The wear particles are produced from the bearing surfaces of these parts and are released from the bearing surface by the flushing action of the lubricating oil and circulate in the lubricating system. Part of the larger particles are captured by the filter element, and a large number of tiny particles are free to move throughout the lubrication system. Due to different material properties, the state of stress, the relative movement conditions, the surrounding environment and other factors, the wear particles produced in different wear processes have different quantities, sizes, shapes, colors, surface features and so on. Studying these different characteristics, analyzing and determining the condition of the worn part can provide valuable information. because